EN 10083-2:2006 C45R Steel: Specifications & Listings
EN 10083-2:2006 C45R: A medium carbon steel for quenching and tempering to EN 10083-2:2006 (steel number 1.1201, non alloy special steel), with controlled sulphur of 0.020 to 0.040% for better machinability, also used for flame or induction hardening. Supplied as semi-finished products, bars, rod, wide flats, hot rolled strip, sheet and plate, and forgings. Quenched and tempered tensile strength 700 to 850 MPa for ruling sections up to 16 mm.
Matched by chemical composition and mechanical properties, not a formal equivalence claim. Always verify against the applicable standard before substitution.
Chemical Composition (%)
C
Cr
Cr+Mo+Ni
Mn
Mo
Ni
P
S
Si
0.42-0.50
<=0.40
<=0.63
0.50-0.80
<=0.10
<=0.40
<=0.030
0.020-0.040
<=0.40
Mechanical Properties
Condition
Quenched and tempered (+QT), ruling section d <= 16 mm
Elongation
14% min
Hardness
Soft annealed (+A): 207 HBW max
Tensile Strength
700 to 850 MPa
Yield Strength
490 MPa min
More data from EN 10083-2:2006
From the standard
Other composition limitsTable 3 and its notes
Steel number
1.1201
Steel class
Non alloy special steel (clause 4.1)
Pair grade
C45E (1.1191) has the same limits except sulphur, max. 0.035
Deoxidation
Killed (clause 6.2)
Sulphur range
Controlled sulphur range improves machinability (clause 7.2)
Improved machinability
Sulphur up to about 0.10 may be supplied on request; the manganese upper limit may then rise by 0.15 (Table 3, footnote c)
Restricted options
Without hardenability or mechanical property requirements, a carbon range of 0.05 and/or Cr + Mo + Ni max. 0.45 may be agreed (Table 3, footnote d)
Elements not quoted in Table 3 are not intentionally added without the purchaser's agreement, other than for finishing the heat.
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 3 and its notes
Mechanical properties, quenched and tempered (+QT)3 sections
Ruling section
Yield strength Re, min (MPa)
Tensile strength Rm (MPa)
Elongation A, min (%)
Reduction of area Z, min (%)
Impact KV, min (J)
d <= 16 mm, t <= 8 mm
490
700 to 850
14
35
-
16 mm < d <= 40 mm, 8 mm < t <= 20 mm
430
650 to 800
16
40
25
40 mm < d <= 100 mm, 20 mm < t <= 60 mm
370
630 to 780
17
45
25
Re is the upper yield strength or, if no yield phenomenon occurs, the 0.2% proof strength; A on gauge length 5.65 times the root of the original cross section; KV on longitudinal Charpy V-notch test pieces, average of 3 values, no single value below 70% of the minimum. Ruling sections as in EN 10083-1:2006, Annex A.
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 9
Mechanical properties, normalized (+N)3 sizes
Size
Yield strength Re, min (MPa)
Tensile strength Rm, min (MPa)
Elongation A, min (%)
d <= 16 mm, t <= 16 mm
340
620
14
16 mm < d <= 100 mm, 16 mm < t <= 100 mm
305
580
16
100 mm < d <= 250 mm, 100 mm < t <= 250 mm
275
560
16
For plates over 10 mm and bars over 100 mm diameter a hardness test may be agreed instead of the tensile test, converted to tensile strength according to EN ISO 18265 (clause 7.1.4).
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 10
Maximum hardness by delivery conditionTable 8
Treated to improve shearability (+S), max
255 HBW
Soft annealed (+A), max
207 HBW
Values also apply to the grades with hardenability requirements (+H, +HH, +HL); not applicable to continuously cast slabs not further deformed. Shearability may also be assumed in the untreated condition for dimensions over 80 mm (clause 7.3.3).
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 8
Hardenability, end quench test (+H)Hardness band
Hardness band (HRC, minimum to maximum) by distance from the quenched end (mm)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
15
20
25
30
Distance from quenched end (mm)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
15
20
25
30
Maximum, HRC
62
61
61
60
57
51
44
37
34
33
32
31
30
Minimum, HRC
55
51
37
30
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Applies when ordered with the symbol +H; otherwise for guidance only. End quench test to EN ISO 642, quenching from 850 ± 5 deg C (Table 13).
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 5
Restricted hardenability (+HL)Table 6
Symbol
1 mm (HRC)
4 mm (HRC)
+HL4
-
30 to 49
+HL14
55 to 60
30 to 49
Table 6 lists +HH grades under the E grade and +HL grades under the R grade. The figure after the symbol gives the distances (mm) at which the limits apply.
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 6
Surface hardness after flame or induction hardeningTable 11
Surface hardness, min
55 HRC
Applies to cross sections up to 100 mm after quenching and tempering and surface hardening to Table 13, followed by stress relieving at 150 to 180 deg C for about 1 h; may also be agreed after normalizing. Surface decarburization may lower the surface hardness. Fine grain (option A.3) must be ordered for flame or induction hardening (clause 7.4.1).
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 11
Heat treatmentTable 13
Quenching
820 to 860 deg C
Quenching agent
Water or oil
Tempering
550 to 660 deg C
End quench test
850 ± 5 deg C
Normalizing
840 to 900 deg C
Guidance values except the end quench test temperature, which is mandatory. Lower quenching temperatures generally for water, upper for oil; austenitizing at least 30 min, tempering at least 60 min (guide values).
Source: EN 10083-2:2006, Table 13
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